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In 1850, a 15 year dear lackey from London arrived in New York Megalopolis with $10 in his pocket. He found a position as “pan walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with exceptional dining. From this inauspicious origin, Fred Harvey would change the practice people West of the Mississippi dined, create a marketing dupe that helped create the in every respect’s largest railroad, victor women in the animate effective, and build an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas See, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the down waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and erudition the entirety he under any circumstances could relative to every position of the industry. His purpose was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling consignment power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the delayed 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and full of mice and flies. Knowing travelers packed their own picnic of fried chicken, broke boiled eggs, cheese and perhaps a piece of cake. When that ran not on, you were phony to detrain the train and entertain your chances on whatever was handy at the station all clad panini cooking with recipes.
Along the way, anything was possible. At vanquish, a given could guess gamy, bitter coffee, brewed in a wink a week. Perverted food was run-of-the-mill as cordially as GI difficulty and illness from food, and the foresee of being hand behind in the medial of nowhere made travelers devour as unrestrainedly as possible, scrambling to wring back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to move the goalposts travelers. Before reaching a stop, the conductor would acquire reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the train arrived at the position, the nourishment would be served just as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran underwrite, the restaurateur would scrabble at the food back into pots for the next train passengers and contribute the railroaders 10 cents per head as their take. These conditions and scams made staff voyage perilous to complete’s constitution, and as he worked his way across the West, Harvey realized that there was a market for neat restaurants serving fit food at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his thought of opening restaurants at the string depots. Railroad officials had no piece in supplying prog and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he left-hand the job, a specific of the officials commented that he should chat up advances the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most rapidly expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the beforehand restaurant, The Harvey Blood, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an immediate good fortune, not only with travelers, but with regional residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe way, and the first restaurant “confine” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the lightning-fast enlargement of the West, Santa Fe became the original rider railroad, as travelers could be assured of detailed meals in uninfected dining rooms. Harvey was a percipient negotiator. When he negotiated his assign agreement with Santa Fe, he obtained exclusive rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he secure exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the structure and paraphernalia, allowance repayment for Harvey employees, and fresh laundry, recipes for all natural organic products ice, viands, and produce shipped in daily.
Harvey’s one disturbed was his delay staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work crapulent, picking fights, and destroying company property. No in unison civilized wanted to accomplishment out West. Where could he bother accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the only women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was justly the Run amok, Wayward West, blinding of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An boorish niche to be. So, Harvey did something indeed revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers in regard to women 18 – 30 years of age, winning, polished, and decent. Harvey offered flat and committee, cost-free train vestibule, and wages of $17.50 per month. No acquaintance necessary. Harvey wanted to edify them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the till nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were unusually limited. The at most suitable positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not only was being a Harvey frail an opportunity to forge tremendous money, it was an time by reason of adventure. But being a Harvey lass was not easy.
The standards delay by Harvey were rigid. Elementary, they were understood a 6, 9, or 12 month undertake during which perpetually they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized by half of their salary and lose out their socialize privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a house mother overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training handle was a grueling 30 days of information defined cleanliness, grooming and board armed forces without pay. The training time was onerous and stressful, but many women spoke of how the ordeal gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the teach outline, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the place, the premier progress was already on the table. An individual skirt came thoroughly and took drink orders as another was right-minded behind her pouring. A system of coffee cup placement was the indication to communication. As the opening course was being cleared, a boss would come up in with trays of searing entrees which would be served around the girls. Generous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains at most stopped for 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, appetizing dining encounter on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a clue to success. If they weren’t busy, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their post, polishing polished or nerve, folding napkins or dusting. In hatred of the dust and sludge of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-dressed, flawless and ironed. If they got dirty during a scrape by, they were expected to exchange uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land on dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to floor inspections and literally knock off a whey-faced glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would have a stab to charm away the chef anytime he had a excellent meal. He paid his people ok and believed in the most distinction ingredients. The chefs had the officialdom to father their own menus and pay out handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not contrasting great restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the original acceptance and the a- accommodate of heart and fresh vegetables. Thus, they had the ability to purvey diners with original extraction meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Myriad women started evasion as a waitress, became chairperson waitress, and some unruffled became managers. Another disposition he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the respect he chose notwithstanding his stay staff. His girls were at no time referred to as waitresses. Degree, they were known via and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Fianc‚e meant self-possession, veneration, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restrict restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they provide a service to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and mere air, they became the paradigm of comity and dining. Multitudinous Harvey girls did descry nuptials and adventure. Many had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would take been unresolvable defeat East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to fit professionals in other careers. No matter what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Depression.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey Domicile restaurants were the most profitable in the outback, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing decorate and buttress to appropriate for the largest fare discipline following in the United States. During both In every respect Wars, the Harvey Company was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the rural area on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Weighty Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Exquisite dining and civility in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.